The Dirty Secret About Toilet Paper on Public Seats (You're Not Gaining Protection!)

Using a public restroom is often an unavoidable but less-than-pleasant experience. Many of us instinctively cover the toilet seat with toilet paper, thinking it provides a layer of protection from bacteria. However, research suggests this common habit may not be as effective as we assume.

Public Restrooms Are Full of Bacteria—But Not Where You Think

Every time a toilet is flushed, tiny particles of fecal bacteria get released into the air, settling on nearby surfaces. This means bacteria aren’t just on the toilet seat but also on bathroom walls, sinks, doorknobs, and—most notably—on toilet paper rolls. Since paper absorbs moisture well, it creates a prime environment for bacteria to multiply. As a result, covering the seat with toilet paper may just be layering bacteria upon bacteria rather than preventing exposure.

Some public restrooms provide plastic shields over toilet paper rolls to minimize contamination, but many do not. And while flushing with the lid down could reduce the spread of bacteria, not all public toilets have lids, making it impossible to control what has already been exposed.

The Toilet Seat Itself Might Not Be the Worst Offender

Contrary to popular belief, toilet seats aren’t the dirtiest parts of a restroom. Microbiologist Charles Gerba points out that frequently touched surfaces—such as door handles, faucet taps, and toilet paper dispensers—pose a greater risk, as they come into direct contact with unwashed hands. In comparison, toilet seats typically have less exposure and are often wiped down by users before sitting.

Why Toilet Paper Doesn't Provide Real Protection

Since toilet paper in a public restroom is already exposed to airborne bacteria, using it to cover the seat doesn’t create a truly protective barrier. Instead, it may be more effective to carry personal sanitary tissues or disinfectant wipes for added cleanliness. If neither is available, avoiding direct contact with the seat altogether might be the best approach.

The Risk of Infection Is Lower Than You Think

Although public restrooms contain bacteria, the risk of catching an infection from a toilet seat is quite low. Most bacteria and viruses don’t survive long on the surface, and actual infection typically requires direct entry into the body, such as through an open wound or the urethral tract. As long as you practice good hygiene, your immune system is likely capable of handling any minor exposure.

How to Stay Safe in a Public Restroom

While the risk of infection is minimal, following these simple hygiene rules can make your restroom visit even safer:

• Wash your hands properly. A quick rinse isn’t enough—scrub with soap for at least 20-30 seconds.
• Avoid touching high-contact surfaces. Use a tissue or paper towel to turn off faucets and open doors.
• Keep personal items off restroom surfaces. If possible, hand them to a friend or keep them in a bag rather than placing them on sinks or floors.
• Refrain from touching your face. Wait until your hands are washed before touching your eyes, nose, or mouth.

While covering a toilet seat with paper might not protect you, there’s another habit that could be even worse for your health—holding in your pee for too long. You might not think much of it, but your body definitely does. Find out what really happens when you resist nature’s call.